Volume 13, Issue 4 (Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry 2026)
Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry 2026, 13(4): 508-519 |
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Fazeli A, Tabrizi M, Namdarpour F. Design and Validation of a Self-Care Educational-Psychological Package for Diabetic Patients based on George Engel's Bio-Psycho-Social Model. , Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2026; 13 (4) :508-519
URL: http://shenakht.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2733-en.html
URL: http://shenakht.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2733-en.html
1- Ph.D. Student, Department of Counseling, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran ,mehditabr@iau.ac.ir
3- Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran ,
3- Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Kho.C., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
Abstract: (39 Views)
Background and Aims: The prevalence of diabetes is steadily increasing, and living with type 2diabetes can be overwhelming for patients. Consequently, individuals with this condition require comprehensive self-care interventions that not only address the biological aspects of the disease but also consider the psychological and social factors that influence self-care behaviors. The aim of this study was to design and validate an educational–psychological self-care package specifically tailored for diabetic patients, based on their lived experiences.
Materials and Methods: The present study was an applied research project employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, conducted in the city of Isfahan in 2025. In the initial phase, the lived experiences of 17 patients with diabetes were gathered through semi-structured interviews—using purposive sampling until data saturation was reached—and analyzed via Colaizzi’s seven-step method; subsequently, an educational-psychological self-care package was designed based on the extracted themes. In the second stage, the face and content validity of the package were evaluated by seven health psychology specialists using CVR and CVI indices.
Result: Based on the findings from the data analysis, seven main themes were identified: nutritional behaviors and daily self-care lifestyle; fatigue and physical limitations; treatment management and adherence; self-awareness and decision-making; motivation and psychological resilience; psychological stress and coping with negative emotions; and barriers and challenges regarding knowledge and treatment. Drawing on these themes, a psycho-educational self-care package for patients with diabetes was designed, consisting of twelve 60-minute sessions, with each session comprising educational objectives, instructional content, and homework assignments. To assess the content validity of the package, the initial version was submitted to seven health psychology experts; following the incorporation of their suggested revisions, the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated. The results showed a CVR of 0.99 for all components of the package and a mean CVI of 0.91, indicating that the package possesses satisfactory content validity.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the package—developed based on the patients' own lived experiences and encompassing various aspects (biological and psychosocial)—possesses acceptable validity; its components are appropriately formulated for self-care counseling tailored to diabetic patients and are suitable for use.
Materials and Methods: The present study was an applied research project employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, conducted in the city of Isfahan in 2025. In the initial phase, the lived experiences of 17 patients with diabetes were gathered through semi-structured interviews—using purposive sampling until data saturation was reached—and analyzed via Colaizzi’s seven-step method; subsequently, an educational-psychological self-care package was designed based on the extracted themes. In the second stage, the face and content validity of the package were evaluated by seven health psychology specialists using CVR and CVI indices.
Result: Based on the findings from the data analysis, seven main themes were identified: nutritional behaviors and daily self-care lifestyle; fatigue and physical limitations; treatment management and adherence; self-awareness and decision-making; motivation and psychological resilience; psychological stress and coping with negative emotions; and barriers and challenges regarding knowledge and treatment. Drawing on these themes, a psycho-educational self-care package for patients with diabetes was designed, consisting of twelve 60-minute sessions, with each session comprising educational objectives, instructional content, and homework assignments. To assess the content validity of the package, the initial version was submitted to seven health psychology experts; following the incorporation of their suggested revisions, the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated. The results showed a CVR of 0.99 for all components of the package and a mean CVI of 0.91, indicating that the package possesses satisfactory content validity.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the package—developed based on the patients' own lived experiences and encompassing various aspects (biological and psychosocial)—possesses acceptable validity; its components are appropriately formulated for self-care counseling tailored to diabetic patients and are suitable for use.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/11/19 | Accepted: 2025/11/29 | Published: 2026/11/10
Received: 2025/11/19 | Accepted: 2025/11/29 | Published: 2026/11/10
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