1- University of Tabriz
2- Shahed University
3- University of Tabriz ,heysieattalab@gmail.com
2- Shahed University
3- University of Tabriz ,
Abstract: (81 Views)
Introduction: Working memory (WM) is a core cognitive function underlying higher-order cognitive processes. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates neural oscillations and has gained increasing attention for its potential to enhance WM. Nevertheless, empirical findings regarding its effectiveness remain inconsistent.
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the effects of tACS on WM performance and to examine the moderating role of stimulation parameters and methodological characteristics.
Method: A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Systematic searches of electronic databases (SAGE Journals, ScienceDirect, SID, Magiran, Noormags, and IranDoc) identified 16 eligible studies, yielding 53 independent effect sizes. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d, and a random-effects model was applied to account for between-study heterogeneity.
Results: The results indicated a statistically significant and moderate overall effect of tACS on WM performance (Cohen’s d = 0.68, p < .05). Moderator analyses showed that larger effect sizes were associated with between-group study designs, stimulation durations of 15 and 30 minutes, alpha-frequency stimulation, targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the use of conventional electrodes. In addition, task type moderated outcomes, with stronger effects observed for the Corsi block-tapping task and change detection paradigms. Demographic variables, including age and gender, also demonstrated significant moderating effects.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that tACS can enhance WM performance, with its efficacy depending on specific stimulation parameters and study design. Future research should focus on optimizing stimulation protocols and assessing the durability of tACS effects across diverse populations
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the effects of tACS on WM performance and to examine the moderating role of stimulation parameters and methodological characteristics.
Method: A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Systematic searches of electronic databases (SAGE Journals, ScienceDirect, SID, Magiran, Noormags, and IranDoc) identified 16 eligible studies, yielding 53 independent effect sizes. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d, and a random-effects model was applied to account for between-study heterogeneity.
Results: The results indicated a statistically significant and moderate overall effect of tACS on WM performance (Cohen’s d = 0.68, p < .05). Moderator analyses showed that larger effect sizes were associated with between-group study designs, stimulation durations of 15 and 30 minutes, alpha-frequency stimulation, targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the use of conventional electrodes. In addition, task type moderated outcomes, with stronger effects observed for the Corsi block-tapping task and change detection paradigms. Demographic variables, including age and gender, also demonstrated significant moderating effects.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that tACS can enhance WM performance, with its efficacy depending on specific stimulation parameters and study design. Future research should focus on optimizing stimulation protocols and assessing the durability of tACS effects across diverse populations
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