1- Arak University
2- Arak University ,T-sepahvand@araku.ac.ir
2- Arak University ,
Abstract: (76 Views)
Introduction: Hope is a key psychological variable that acts as a significant buffer against depressive symptoms and related cognitions.
Aim: The research aimed to compare the cognitive triad in depressed individuals with low hope in agency thinking and pathway thinking.
Method: This cross-sectional, causal-comparative study was conducted among students at Arak University during the 2021–2022 academic year. A total of 400 students were selected using convenience sampling. Participants initially completed questionnaires assessing depression, hope, and the cognitive triad. Then, among 122 participants with moderate to high depression scores, two purposively selected groups of 30 individuals each, who had low scores in agency thinking and path thinking based on the hope scale, were compared with respect to the components of the cognitive triad. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Aariance (MANOVA).
Results: The multivariate analysis revealed no significant difference in the linear combination of cognitive triad components between the two groups (p = 0.164). Univariate analyses also indicated that the low-agency thinking group had a more negative view of the world compared to the low-pathway thinking group, while no significant differences were observed for the other components.
Conclusion: Since depressed individuals with low agency thinking exhibited a more negative view of the world, this component of hope may play an important role in depression and its associated cognitive triad. Therefore, it is recommended that agency thinking be given greater attention in both research and therapeutic interventions.
Aim: The research aimed to compare the cognitive triad in depressed individuals with low hope in agency thinking and pathway thinking.
Method: This cross-sectional, causal-comparative study was conducted among students at Arak University during the 2021–2022 academic year. A total of 400 students were selected using convenience sampling. Participants initially completed questionnaires assessing depression, hope, and the cognitive triad. Then, among 122 participants with moderate to high depression scores, two purposively selected groups of 30 individuals each, who had low scores in agency thinking and path thinking based on the hope scale, were compared with respect to the components of the cognitive triad. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Aariance (MANOVA).
Results: The multivariate analysis revealed no significant difference in the linear combination of cognitive triad components between the two groups (p = 0.164). Univariate analyses also indicated that the low-agency thinking group had a more negative view of the world compared to the low-pathway thinking group, while no significant differences were observed for the other components.
Conclusion: Since depressed individuals with low agency thinking exhibited a more negative view of the world, this component of hope may play an important role in depression and its associated cognitive triad. Therefore, it is recommended that agency thinking be given greater attention in both research and therapeutic interventions.
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