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Showing 10 results for Self-Esteem
Implicit Self-Esteem manipulation using subliminal stimuli presentation
Dr Bahram Maleki,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Studies of cognitive psychology in recent years has led to introduce of two types of explicit and implicit self-esteem. Several studies have shown that self-esteem could conditioned in a few minutes. Method: In this study, the positive and negative subliminal stimuli paired with the sense of self of subjects to evaluation of this effect to their implicit self-esteem. This study was a pretest-posttest experimental design was used to control and manipulate implicit self-esteem, according to pattern of previous studies, including Greenberg (2008) and Backus (2004), using software (ISEM) on 90 patients (45 males and 45 females) were run in the two groups of negative and positive manipulation individually. Results: The results of the present subliminal stimuli showed that mean and median of implicit self-esteem increased in the positive and decreased in the negative intervention. Analysis of covariance showed that positive manipulation of implicit self-esteem, significantly increased and negative manipulation of implicit self-esteem, decreased the level of implicit self-esteem. Conclusion: In general, the research showed that although feelings of self-esteem can be caused by childhood experiences, then can increase or decrease with use of the basic principles of classical conditioning.


The effectiveness of coloring art using step by step drawings on self-esteem of educable retarded children
Ahmad Barajali, Rasoul Habibi, Afshin Tayebi,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Mentally retarded children respond less to conventional therapies than normal people. Therefore, art therapy allows these children to express their emotion by an intermediary instrument which causes increase of adaptability and self-esteem. Purpose:  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of coloring art using step by-step drawings on self-esteem of educable retarded children. Method:  The current research was a type of quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent groups (pretest, posttest) design. The population consists of all educable mentally retarded children were studying at especial schools of Tehran city in academic year 2013. The multistage random sampling method was used to determine the research sample size. Finally, from 20 educable mentally retarded students, 10 students were classified into the experimental group and 10 students were included in the control group. The Cooper-Smith’s self-esteem scale (filled by the students’ parents and teachers) and step-by step coloring drawings were reared by the researcher were utilized in order to increase the educable mentally retarded students’ self-esteem. The Cooper-Smith scale concentrates on increase of self-esteem. And in the inferential statistics section have been used from pre-test and post-test differential average and then T student test between two groups.  Results: The results indicated that step-by step coloring drawings positively affect the educable mentally retarded students’ self-esteem. Conclusion: Mentally retarded children are aware of their differences with others and forgetfulness verbal fields is more obvious than practical fields. Another common feature of them , is the impaired communication abilities, so they respond to common  treatments less so it make the necessity of using art more obvious

Key word: Effectiveness, Coloring art, Using step by-step, Drawings, Self-esteem, Educable retarded children

                                 


The relationships between self-esteem, demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis and Frequency of hospitalization with mental illness stigma in psychiatric patients
F Sohrabi , G Esfandyari, F Yousefi, N Abdollahi , G Saed , Sh Bakhivushi ,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2016)
Abstract

Abstract:

Background: This is an analytical-descriptive study aimed to evaluate the relations of self-esteem, demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, and Frequency of hospitalization with mental illness stigma in psychiatric patients of Ghods hospital of Sanandaj, 2014.

Method: Among all patient who have the inclusion criteria, those who admit informed consent (152 participant), complete questionnaires and other needed information’s. Then other necessary data’s were gives from the psychiatric documentations of the patients. Measures are Rosenberg’s self-esteem Scale, Stigma scale. The 20th version of SPSS software was used to analyzing data’s and it did through these statistical analyses: Pearson’s Coloration Coefficient, independent T test, and One-way ANOVA.

Findings: The results shows that it doesn’t any significant relations between age, gender, vocation, psychiatric diagnosis, duration and also frequency of hospitalization with stigma of mental illness but a significant negative correlation (-0/42) find between self-esteem and stigma.

Conclusion: It seems that stigma is a cultural variable and has a little associations with variables such as age, gender, vocation, psychiatric diagnosis, duration and also frequency of hospitalization. It may be that have other determinants that correlated with negative self-esteem.


The mediating role of self-esteem on the relationship between emotional dysregulation and compassion with Internet addiction
Ghasem Abdolpour, Behzad Shalchi, Sirvan Hamzezadeh, Ali Salehi,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (7-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Internet addiction is a behavioral dependency that person to deal with problems than it uses.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mediator Self-esteem in the relationship among emotional dysregulation and compassion with Internet addiction.
Method: In a descriptive-correlation study, a sample of 240 students from Iran University of medical sciences was selected using cluster sampling method. Participants responded to Self-Compassion scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Internet addiction Scale. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). For statistical analysis, Spss V. 22 and Lisrel 8.85 were used to classify, process and analyze the data and to investigate the hypotheses of the research.
Results: The evaluation of hypothetical model with fit indexes demonstrated that the hypothetical model fits the measurement model (CFI=0.98, NFI=0.98, and RMSEA=0.055). Structural relations analysis also showed emotional dysregulation and compassion indirectly through Self-Esteem over Internet addiction respectively (0/73 و -0/126( and also the results also showed that the emotional dysregulation has a direct relation to Internet addiction (0/44).
Conclusion: Research findings showed that Self-Esteem have a mediating role in relationship between emotional dysregulation and compassion and Internet addiction. Considering these dimensions and the effectiveness of the employed mechanisms can be useful in developing efficacious preventive and therapeutic interventions for Internet addiction.

Modeling the relationship between the big five personality traits and resilience, considering self-esteem as a mediator variable
Mitra Vaghar Hasanpur, Yousef Jalali, Masumeh Tayebli,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (9-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Resilience is a dynamic process that helps people cope with life's stressful issues effectively.
Aim: The objective of present study was to test the theoretical model of relationship between the big five personality traits and resilience, considering self-esteem as a mediator variable.
Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all men and women aged 18 and over in District 6 of Tehran in 2018. The research sample consisted of 252 citizens aged 18 to 64 years who were selected by the convenient sampling method. Of these, 154 were male and 98 were female. The instruments were Connor-Davidson Resilience Inventory (2003), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965) and NEO-FFI (1985). The research data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation and path analysis methods.
Results: The results of path analysis method indicated that self-esteem only mediates the relationship between neuroticism, extraversion and agreeableness with resilience. To be more precise, agreeableness had only an indirect effect (P<0.001), conscientiousness had only a direct effect (P<0.05), neuroticism and extraversion had both direct and indirect effects (P<0.001), and openness to experience had no significant effect on resilience (P>0.15).
Conclusion: According to the results, paying attention to variables such as neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and self-esteem which affect resilience, as well as self-esteem as a mediator of the relationship between neuroticism, extroversion and agreeableness with resilience, can lead to a better understanding of the relationship between these variables.

Use of structural modeling to explain high school students obsessive beliefs based on symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, metacognitive beliefs, and self-esteem: The mediating role of inferential confusion
Masoumeh Sarlak, Farah Lotfi Kashni, Malek Mirhashmi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Thoughts, impulses, or images that are distressing and intrusive characterize obsessive-compulsive disorder. On the other hand, obsessive beliefs are important in turning intrusive thoughts into obsessive thoughts.
Aim: This study aimed to present a structural model to explain obsessive beliefs among high school students, based on the symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, metacognitive beliefs, and self-esteem, considering the mediating role of inferential confusion.
Method: In this correlational study, the statistical population included all secondary high school students in Aligudarz, Lorestan Province, Iran, during the 2020-2021 academic years. A total of 300 individuals were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Metacognitions questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Inferential Confusion Questionnaire-Expanded Version (ICQ-EV), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling in SPSS-20 and AMOS-24.
Results: The goodness of fit indices of the measurements model (x2/df=3.12, RMSEA=0.084) supported the good fitness of the model. Also, the goodness of fit indices of the structural model (x2/df=2.24, RMSEA=0.064) indicated the good fit of the model for the collected data.
Conclusion: Based on the results, metacognitive beliefs, symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety, and self-esteem are among factors affecting obsessive beliefs; inferential confusion plays a mediating role in their association with obsessive beliefs. Therefore, elimination or moderation of contributing factors is essential for correcting obsessive-compulsive beliefs.

Association of perceived stress, social support and self-esteem with disordered eating due to Alexithymia
Dorri Saharkhizan, Mehran Azadi,
Volume 9, Issue 6 (1-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Stress, negative emotional states, emotional disorders, low self-esteem, and feelings of loneliness and isolation are among contributing factors, which can trigger disordered eating behaviors.
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the association of perceived stress, social support, and self-esteem with disordered eating due to alexithymia.
Method: In this correlational study with structural equation modeling, the statistical population consisted of individuals, who were referred to Baraka Obesity Treatment Clinic in Tehran, Iran, during 2021-2022. A total of 303 people with a body mass index above 30 kg/m2 were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire by Cohen et al. (1983), Perceived Social Support Scale by Zimmet et al. (1988), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (1965), Alexithymia Scale by Bagby et al. (1994), and Eating Behavior Questionnaire by Van Stein and colleagues (1986). The structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the structural equation modeling indicated the significant direct effects of perceived stress (β=0.22, P<0.01), social support (β=-0.25, P<0.01), and self-esteem (β=-0.21, P<0.01) on disordered eating. Also, the indirect effects of perceived stress (Z=7.69, P<0.01), social support (Z=-6.13, P<0.01), and self-esteem (Z=-6.46, P<0.01) were significant on disordered eating through alexithymia.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that factors, such as the level of stress, social support, self-esteem, and identifying and expressing one’s emotions, can affect disordered eating behaviors. Therefore, by reducing stress and alexithymia and improving social support and self-esteem, disordered eating behaviors are speculated to decrease in obese people.

Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women
Mojtaba Aghili, Maryam Daee Zanjani, Ensiyeh Babaee,
Volume 10, Issue 5 (11-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the consequences of aging in women is menopause, which causes many physical and psychological changes.
Aim: This study aimed to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women.
Method: This semi-experimental study, with a pretest-posttest control group design, the statistical population consisted of all women with natural menopause, aged 50-60 years, living in Gorgan, during 2022. A total of 30 women were selected through convenience sampling and were then randomly divided into two intervention and control groups, each consisting of 15 individuals. The intervention group participated in eight weekly sessions one-hour of ACT. The research tools included the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) Lilton (2005), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Rosen (2000), and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) Heinemann (2003). For data analysis, multivariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS Version 22.
Results: The results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the intervention and control groups in terms of sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms (P<0.05). Overall, ACT increased the total score of sexual responsiveness (P<0.03) and reduced negative body self-esteem (P<0.02) and vasomotor symptoms (P<0.01) in menopausal women.
Conclusion: Based on the results, ACT, by enhancing cognitive skills and thought control, improves sexual responsiveness and body self-esteem and reduces vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women. Therefore, this intervention can be suitable for enhancing the mental health of menopausal women.

Designing the educational plays based on theory of mind and investigating its effectiveness on promoting the level of social adequacy and self-esteem in children with mild intellectual disability
Masumeh Tayebli, Hamid Hlizadeh, Saeed Rezaei, Mehdi Dasjerdi Kazemi, Mohammad Asgari,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (9-2024)
Abstract

Introduction: The poor theory of mind is one of the basic defects of children with intellectual disability, which causes a major dysfunction in most of their functions.
Objective: This study aimed to design the educational plays based on theory of mind and determine its effectiveness on social adequacy and self-esteem in children with mild intellectual disability.
Method: This study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and a two-month follow-up with a control group. The population was all students with mild intellectual disability in Tehran in second elementary school who were studying in exceptional schools for the 2022-2023 school year. The sample consisted of 28 male students who were included in the study using convenience sampling and randomly divided into the experimental and control group. The instruments included Theory of Mind test of Steerneman (1999), Social Competence Scale of Felner (1990), and Self-Esteem Scale of Rosenberg (1965). The intervention program was implemented on the experimental group in 24 sessions of 90 minutes. Moreover, a follow-up was performed two month after the sessions. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance.
Findings: The results showed that the educational program of this study has good validity and reliability. Moreover, it has a significant effect on improving theory of mind, social adequacy and self-esteem (p< 0.001), and this effect was sustainable after two month.
Conclusion: Parents, teachers, psychologists and rehabilitation centers can use the plays of this educational program to improve theory of mind, social adequacy and self-esteem of children with mild intellectual disability.


Gender differences in the components of self-esteem in English language learners
Ms Roya Jafari Amineh, Dr Nader Asadi, Dr Haniyeh Davatgari Asl,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (1-2025)
Abstract

Introduction: Self-esteem as one of the components of self-concept has represented one’s overall evaluation of value or worth and by this highlighted each individual’s positive or negative orientation toward oneself. Besides other fields, the educational system has focused on the importance of self-esteem and shed light on students’ self-esteem.
Aim: The present study aimed to determine gender differences in the components of self-esteem in English language learners.
Methods: The present research method was descriptive-comparative. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all 17-year-old students in the second year of high school in Tehran in 2016, from whom 300 students (150 girls and 150 boys) were selected by simple random sampling. The research tool was Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (1967). The t-test method for independent groups was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of boys and girls in terms of the components of social self (P=0.001) and family self (P=0.031). The research data were analyzed by comparing the Independent Two Sample Mean Test with the t-index.
Conclusion: In the present study, girls obtained a higher average than boys in the components of social and family self. Families with male language learners are advised to improve their children's self-esteem.

 
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