Showing 7 results for Schizophrenia
Maryam Akbari, Soheila Saeidi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (10-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: This study examined the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms and improving social skills in chronic schizophrenia patients.
Method: The study quasi-experimental and was with plan Pre-test and post-test. That with use from sampling available between statistical society that including all people suffering to chronic schizophrenic that were at Rehabilitation Circadian centers. 30 patients were chosen at 2 groups testing and control. Interventions conducted in 12 sessions (psycho-social rehabilitation) were evaluated to help Pre-test and post-test. For data collection be used from Andreasen negative symptoms questionnaire and also Dehbozorgi social skills and research hypotheses calculated with multi-way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia were significantly effective. Psychosocial Rehabilitation of patients with chronic schizophrenia were significantly effective in improving social skills.
Conclusion: According to the results, the use of non-pharmacological methods such as psychosocial rehabilitation in reducing negative symptoms and improving social skills is recommended in schizophrenic patients.
Victoria Omranifard, Parisa Pourabadei, Karim Askari,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (6-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Schizophrenia is one of the chronic psychiatric disorders that positive and negative symptoms, particularly negative ones, causes reducing performance in personal, social, and family performances.
Aim: The present study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) in combination with pharmacotherapy on negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Method: This is a single-subject method with multiple baseline and follow-up design. Four patients with schizophrenia diagnosis by psychiatrist were selected via purposive and convenience sampling method. The negative symptoms were measured using the Andresen’s Negative Symptom Scale (1982). Patients entered the intervention phase step by step and received stimulation with intensity of 2 mA in their cortical region of the Left Dorso – Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in ten sessions. At the end of the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth sessions, they were interviewed and their scores were recorded. Two weeks follow up was done. To analyze the data trend and stability index was used.
Results: The results indicated that the Trans cranial Direct Current Stimulation in combination with pharmacotherapy has the highest effectiveness on alogia (poverty of speech) and Attention-Deficit in all four subjects. But its effects on the affective flattening or blunting and avoliton- apathy, anhedonia- asociality depending on the patient's age, the duration of suffering from the disease, and medicinal diet of patients are different.
Conclusion: Based on results it can be said that Trans cranial Direct Current Stimulation in combination with pharmacotherapy can be effective in reducing negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients.
Fazeleh Heidari, Sajjad Basharpoor, Seifollah Aghajani,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (1-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Paranoid thoughts are common symptom in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Evidence reveals the role of cognitive factors in these thoughts.
Aim: The present study was conducted in other to predict the paranoid thoughts basing on cognitive biases and self-reflection in patients with schizophrenia.
Method: The correlational method was used in this study. The whole patients with schizophrenia, hospitalized in Isar and Fatemi psychiatric hospitals of Ardabil city in the second half of 2017 year, comprised statistical population of this study. Among this population, One hundred and twenty six patients were selected by purposeful sampling method and participated in this study. Paranoid thoughts questionnaire, Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale and self-reflection and insight scale were used to gather data. The gathered data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression tests.
Results: The correlational results showed that paranoid thoughts are positively related to Jumping to conclusions bias, belief inflexibility bias, attention for threat bias, external attribution bias, social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, safety behavior and total score of cognitive biases, but related negatively to insights and total score of self-reflection and insight. The results of regression analysis also showed that 57% of variance of the paranoid thoughts was explained by cognitive biases, and 36% of them explained by self-reflection and insight.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that cognitive biases in thoughts and low self-reflection can be predictive factors for paranoid thoughts in patients with schizophrenia. Thus, the cognitive interventions targeted these variables can be used to improve the paranoid thought in these patients.
Maryam Foodeh, Elham Foroozandeh,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (9-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Defective executive functions impair behavioral and emotional control in schizophrenia patients, and identification of its correlates can help design treatment protocols.
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between visuospatial functions and executive functions of female patients with schizophrenia admitted to a psychiatric hospital.
Method: In this descriptive correlational study, the statistical population consisted of female patients with schizophrenia admitted to Najaf-Abad Modarres Psychiatric Hospital from September 23, to December 21, 2019, to receive medical treatment. To conduct this study, 50 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. The subjects were subjected to mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and clock drawing test (CDT). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression methods.
Results: Results indicated significant positive relationships between visuospatial functions in the first (r=0.414, p<0.01) and second (r=0.552, p<0.01) stages with executive functions of patients in the CDT. Among predictor variables, the visuospatial function in the second stage (beta coefficient=0.524) was a significant predictor of executive functions in schizophrenia patients (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that executive functions in patients with schizophrenia can be improved by providing cognitive rehabilitation interventions and timely and appropriate training to enhance their visuospatial function.
Atefeh Goshvarpour, Ateke Goshvarpour,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (7-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Evaluation of the electroencephalogram of schizophrenic patients has been the subject of many recent studies. However, accurate diagnosis of schizophrenia using the electroencephalogram is still a challenging issue.
Aim: This paper was aimed to investigate the information discrepancy between one brain channel and other electrodes in two groups of schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals. Furthermore, the capability of the extracted features in the problem of classification of the two groups was investigated.
Method: In the present analytic observational study, 19 channels of the electroencephalogram of 14 patients with schizophrenia (7 males with an average age of 27.9 ± 3.3 years and 7 females with a mean age of 28.3 ± 4.1 years), who were hospitalized at the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurologists in Warsaw, Poland, were used. In addition, data from 14 healthy individuals (7 males and 7 females with an average age of 26.8 ± 2.9 and 28.7 ± 3.4 years, respectively) were analyzed as a control group. Cross information potential and Cauchy-Schwartz mutual information between each electroencephalogram electrode and all the other electrodes were calculated. Using two strategies, the performance of the support vector machine was evaluated: (1) the mutual information of an electroencephalogram channel with other channels, and (2) the combination of the mutual information of all brain channels.
Results: The results showed that using mutual information between electroencephalogram channels, the diagnosis accuracy increases up to 100%. For both indices, the mutual information between O2 and the other channels provided the highest classification performance.
Conclusion: These results nominated the proposed system as a superior one compared to the state-of-the-art electroencephalogram schizophrenia diagnosis tools.
Seyed Reza Seyedtabaei, Kolsum Tayebi, Fatemeh Akbarabadi, Mohammad Aghaali,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (11-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder, and one of the variables that are important in people with schizophrenia is emotional self-regulation. On the other hand, another study has shown that there is a relationship between emotion regulation disorder and ambiguity intolerance.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion regulation and meta-concern in the tolerance of ambiguity in patients with schizophrenia.
Method: The present study was a correlational study and a cross-sectional study was conducted. The research population was schizophrenic patients referred to the Forghani-Nekoui Psychiatric Center in Qom in 2020. The sample of the study was 141 hospitalized patients or referred to a psychiatric center, which were selected using the convenience sampling method. In order to collect information, Questionnaires on Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale, Wells' Metacognitions Questionnaire and Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire were used. Research data were analyzed using pathway analysis with PLS software.
Results: The average score of the difficulty in performing purposeful behaviors in times of helplessness was 54.1±21.63 and the average score of the difficulty in controlling impulsive behaviors in times of helplessness was 67.27±19.27. The average score of the ambiguity tolerance questions was 25.12±4.32. No significant relationship was found in the relationship between the variables, difficulty of emotion regulation and transcendence, difficulty of emotion regulation and tolerance of ambiguity. The only significant relationship was shown between the effect of meta-worry on the ambiguity tolerance (P=0.049).
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that these patients, as mentioned, have less capacity to tolerate ambiguity and meta-worry. It is suggested to pay more attention to these aspects in the treatment of schizophrenia patients.
Nazanin Hoghoughi, Narges Shams Alizadeh, Azad Maroufi, Farzin Rezaei, Gholamreza Esfandiari,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (8-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder in which the facts surrounding a person are interpreted as abnormal. The treatment aims to reduce symptoms and the possibility of disease recurrence.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of spironolactone on schizophrenia symptoms.
Method: In this double-blind analytical and clinical study, 44 patients were randomly divided into two groups. The study was carried out in Quds Hospital and centers for psychiatric patients in Sanandaj city in 2019 and 2020. The number of patients decreased to 32 due to drug side effects and unwillingness to continue treatment. The instrument used was the scale test of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Datum were analyzed using chi-square and ANOVA with repeated measurements and independent t-tests by SPSS-23 software.
Results: The results showed that out of 44 patients studied, 37 (84.1%) were men and 7 (15.9%) were women. The imbalance was due to the small sample size. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sex distribution, literacy level, marital status, employment history, and background medication use (P>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of reducing negative symptoms (P=0.666), positive symptoms (P=0.748) and general symptoms (P=0.342).
Conclusion: According to the finding, spironolactone has no significant effect on reducing negative, positive, and general symptoms. Therefore, it is suggested to carry out more studies using this drug (by removing the limitations of this study) and other drugs.
